The James Webb Space Telescope will be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket. The launch vehicle is part of the European contribution to the mission. The European Space Agency (ESA) has agreed to provide an Ariane 5 launcher and associated launch services to NASA for Webb. The Ariane 5's record for successful consecutive launches is 80. Webb will be launched from Arianespace's ELA-3 launch complex at European Spaceport located near Kourou, French Guiana.
The design emphasizes the near to mid-infrared for three main reasons: high-redshift objects have their visible emissions shifted into the infrared, cold objects such as debris disks and planets emit most strongly in the infrared, and this band is difficult to study from the ground or by existing space telescopes such as Hubble.
Existing space telescopes such as Hubble cannot study these bands since their mirrors are insufficiency cool (the Hubble mirror is maintained at about 15 °C or 288 K) thus the telescope itself radiates strongly in the infrared bands.
The JWST is oriented toward near-infrared astronomy, but can also see orange and red visible light, as well as the mid-infrared region, depending on the instrument.
Giant honeycomb consists of 18 hexagonal due to its giant size main mirror folded for startup this giant capture light from distant galaxies mirror can create a clear picture and eliminate distortion
beryllium used which retains its shape in low cryogenic temperature the mirror is covered or coated with 48.25 g gold that is 100-nanometer thick such coating reflects infrared radiation
The Webb telescope uses many mirrors to direct incoming light into the telescope's instruments. The secondary mirror is called the secondary mirror
The James Webb Space Telescope will observe primarily the infrared light from faint and very distant objects. In order to be able to detect those faint heat signals, the telescope itself must be kept extremely cold. To protect the telescope from external sources of light and heat (like the Sun, Earth, and Moon) as well as from heat emitted by the observatory itself, Webb has a 5-layer, tennis court-sized sunshield that acts like a parasol providing shade. The five-layer sun shield, each layer as thin as a human hair, is constructed from Kapton E.
The ISIM is the heart of the James Webb Space Telescope, what engineers call the main payload. It houses the four main instruments that will detect light from distant stars and galaxies, and planets orbiting other stars.
NIRCam near-infrared camera main set of eyes of the instrument which gives us a view of the oldest (galaxy) stars and their planets and map of dark matter
Near-infrared spectrograph investigate the physical and chemical properties of objects
MIRI mid-infrared instrument allows you to see stars being born many unknown objects of Kuiper belt or hope find 9 th mysterious planet of our solar system
Near-infrared imager and slitless spectrograph NIRISS camera its aim to finding exoplanet and the first light of the distant object
fine guidance sensor FGS precision pointer sensor helps accurately pointing telescope for higher quality images
A Lagrange point is a location in space where the combined gravitational forces of two large bodies, such as Earth and the sun or Earth and the moon, equal the centrifugal force felt by a much smaller third body. The interaction of the forces creates a point of equilibrium where a spacecraft may be "parked" to make observations.
L2 also lies a million miles from Earth, but in the opposite direction of the sun. At this point, with the Earth, moon, and sun behind it, a spacecraft can get a clear view of deep space.
currently at this spot measuring the cosmic background radiation left over from the Big Bang. The James Webb Space Telescope will move into this region in 2021.
JWST was originally conceived in 1996 as a $1 billion telescope, with an expected launch sometime around 2007
Work on integration and testing of the telescope was suspended in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, adding further delays. Work has resumed, but NASA announced that the launch date has once again slipped to 31 October 2021.
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